In her news report for CNN Health, Jacqueline Howard (2019) addresses the significance of screen timeās limitation for toddlers as it substantially affects their general development in the future. In general, childrenās development includes motor skills, growth in communication, personal-social skills, decision-making, and problem-solving (Howard, 2019). It may be measured...
Introduction Childhood trauma is a type of psychological trauma that was caused during childhood. It is often caused by child abuse, traumatic events in the family, natural disasters, and other events that bring psychological damage to the mind of the child. This type of trauma can put a person at...
The New York Longitudinal Study (NYLS) was conducted in the 1950s on infants aged 2-3 months. This study followed these children at regular intervals from infancy to young adulthood (Lamb, Bornstein, Teti, 2002). Based on this study, Thomas, Chess, Birch, Hertzig, and Korn (1963) categorized infants into three groups: easy,...
The study takes an undoubtedly important place in several other works devoted to modern people’s prejudices. Scientists argue that at an early age, children tend to adopt adult behavior patterns and their biases. To study this phenomenon, they used the terms bias and prejudice. They showed preschool children videos of...
Abstract In this paper, I will describe a motherās typical adjustment after giving birth and I will highlight the hormonal changes that affect both the first child mothers and experienced mothers. This paper aims to discuss how they feel and the complications that might occur to the new mothers especially...
Peer support interventions play an essential role in children’s speech, such as those who have autism. They are significant to both the teaching process and the social-cognitive development of school children. However, the tendency of low interactions in the current world has raised a concern in the education curriculum. More...
Introduction Adolescence occupies a distinctive niche in the human lifespan, which is primarily characterized by self-determination, social rolesā expansion, and the formation of outlook, interests, and principles. During this period, teenagers closely explore their personalities and their surrounding environment through intense interactions with their community. They begin to be involved...
Abstract Child-rearing practices and expectations for boys and girls are very high in the sense that several differences exist in the upbringing of the two. A childās background and environmental influences play a significant role in shaping the personality of the child. This report gives a clear depiction of how...
Children are minors whose cases are handled in special courts referred to as the juvenile courts. This is because whether a child acts as the plaintiff or the accused, their witness is always viewed to be sensitive. In circumstances where a child is sexually abused theirs follows trauma on the...
Introduction The pursuit of beauty is an ancient phenomenon among women. History is full of folklore regarding the extent women were willing to go to become more beautiful. Even women rulers such as Cleopatra of Egypt became famous not just for their leadership, but also for their beauty. In this...
Introduction The early childhood stage is a development stage where children start learning. The stage is important because it determines the effectiveness in cognitive, social, and emotional development in a child. Theorists have developed models to guide parents and guardians on how to create the best learning environments during the...
Introduction A healthy childhood means a healthy adulthood because growth and development, which take place from the fetal stage through into childhood determines the health status of an adult. The relationship between a healthy childhood and a healthy adulthood is very complex because a number of factors mediate the relationship....
Key Biological, Psychological, and Social Factors in the Case The development of a child through various milestones is dependent on various biological, psychological, and social factors. In the case of Sabrina, several biological factors affect her development. Some of such developmental characteristics that baby Sabrina depicts can be traced back...
Introduction The role of children caretakers at day-care centres as well as that of parents has ethically changed and become one of the major concerns due to emerging child abuse and neglect cases. Care centres are turning to abuse hubs and cases have close link to the ethical roles of...
Cheng, Y., Chen, C., & Decety, J. (2014). An EEG/ERP investigation of the development of empathy in early and middle childhood. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 10, 160-169. The present article explains the formation and development of empathy in children from a neurophysiological point of view. Cheng, Chen, and Decety (2014) ārecorded...
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a grave health condition that causes high rates of morbidity and death. Steinhausen (2002), who conducted a review of 119 outcome studies, discovered that the prognosis of anorexia nervosa among adult patients was generally poor from the 1950s to early 2000. Full recovery from the illness,...
Introduction Childhood and school form a decisive period of a person’s life, during which their personality is shaped. Unfortunately, this time is often characterized by the indecent behavior of other children, which inevitably leaves lasting consequences. Bullying is a major problem in modern society, which is why it attracts much...
Baranowski, Tom, et al. āImpact of an Active Video Game on Healthy Children’s Physical Activity.ā Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics, 2012. Web. The article focuses on investigating active video gamesā impact on the physical development of a child. The authors test whether children who play active videogames engage in more...
The ability to detect pain in critically ill patients is something that should be researched so as to reduce the chances of undertreated pain in these patients. The essay that follows gives a detailed account of the FLACC tool. This tool has been tried and tested and proven to be...
Operant, or instrumental, conditioning represents a learning method that uses rewards and punishments to stimulate certain types of behaviors. Skinner suggested that the method was a general law of learning, causing voluntary action, ranging from the formation of the first words to the mastering of higher math (Belsky 13). This...
Cognitive and physical development of infants has been an object of research since the XX century. Its conventions were set by Jean Piaget, whose theory is developed and corrected by his followers. Nevertheless, there is a common understanding that individual development is a mixed product of environment and heredity influence...
Introduction Repressed memories are those thoughts that are blocked from conscious experience due to extreme stress or trauma. When one undergoes a significant degree of anxiety or distress, their nervous system turns hyperactive and overcomes their brain. The brain is overwhelmed by a flood of complex emotions and a reaction...
Introduction Childhood games play an integral role in the early years of growth and development. It provides numerous evolutionary advantages, which contribute to the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional well-being of young ones. During the initial years of life, children are immensely influenced by the environment and the people around...
Peopleās cognitive, physical, and social development is characterized by certain milestones that have been well-researched. The cognitive development of infants and toddlers is associated with the acquisition of basic knowledge and skills that enables the child to become comparatively independent during the first two years of their life. Some of...
Physical Assessments Among School-Aged Children When conducting a medical assessment of a school-aged child, a medical professional must evaluate their cognitive, physical, social, language, and learning development. Additonally, Giddens (2019) emphasizes the impotence of identifying children who have special needs during these assessments because they may require additional support from...
Childhood is a wonderful period in human life, in which the personality of an individual is not yet spoilt by the diversity of the world around them, and therefore the thoughts and ideas that come into the mind of a child, most often pure and naive. A small child interacts...
Introduction One of the primary goals of all parents is to protect and care about their children and make everything possible to let them enter adulthood while being mentally and physically stable and developed. Unfortunately, some children are not protected properly, and while growing up, they have to face various...
The development of children happens in various ways at the same time. Different aspects of this process are not reliant on the completion of another, and, instead, they occur simultaneously. Although physical growth and maturity are the most obvious signs of development, children can also grow cognitively, socially, sexually, and...
Abstract Parental divorce is one of the principal factors affecting the relationships of children when they grow into adults. Therefore, their ability to create a healthy family is significantly conditional upon the success of timely interventions of social workers. Their support is intended to eliminate the risks of various problems...
Adolescence is one of the most challenging periods in the life of every individual because they go though in an understanding of life, establishing a personality, and creating a specific worldview. At the same time, this can be also hard for teenagersā parents because they sometimes face the disrespect, indifference,...
Introduction Today, more and more parents are deciding to break up through divorce. The highest percentage of such families lives in the USA, Northern, and Western Europe. According to scientists, only 60% of children in the United States today live with their married parents (D’Onofrio, 2019). At the same time,...
Introduction For this assignment, I have watched several videos observing children in a special education setting. In the majority of them, the children were well-behaved and engaged in their lessons and activities. Some, however, exhibited challenging behavior stemming from their inability to communicate or restrain themselves. Although sometimes their motivation...
Introduction Despite many prejudices around it, the phenomenon of imaginary friends is quite widespread. 65% of the children before seven are estimated to have played with one (Russel, 2019). The problem appears understudied, but imaginary friends are known to be a contributing element of any childās life. Such pals improve...
Introduction A personās development is a multi-faceted, complex process that is influenced by a variety of factors. Throughout oneās life, they come to experience numerous things that actively shape their worldview and relationships with others. The human experience is unique and can affect an individual in both positive and negative...
Due to a plethora of negative factors causing distress and emotional unease, adolescents and young adults are exposed to an increased threat of mental health breakdowns. Namely, depression, anxiety, and the associated disorders have become overwhelmingly common in the specified demographic (Wehry et al., 2015). Therefore, mental health, in general,...
Abstract Family is the main element of society and the psychologists and the scientists of other fields try to consider this element from different parts in order to understand its significance and explain its effect on the social opinion. The problem of conflicts in family became core in the modern...
Introduction In the daily workflow, early childhood professionals encounter various issues primarily conditioned by the diversity of children and their families who have different backgrounds, problems, and values. Thus, the professional should possess profound knowledge and practical skills to provide timely and appropriate help to all children, irrespective of their...
Childhood is a wonderful period in human life, in which the personality of an individual is not yet spoilt by the diversity of the world around them, and therefore the thoughts and ideas that come into the mind of a child, most often pure and naive. A small child interacts...
Introduction The book that I selected as the basis for bibliotherapy is āWho Says Women Can’t Be Doctors?: The Story of Elizabeth Blackwell.ā The main rationale for choosing this book was the fact that it represented a well-trodden and quite problematic theme in an engaging and easy to understand way....
In the United Arab Emirates, the government pays much attention to road safety issues, including the usage of child safety seats. However, the survey by Gibbon (2019) shows that more than 50% of the population does not know about current laws and regulations. However, road injuries remain one of the...
Introduction Shyness refers to feelings of awkwardness, discomfort, and apprehension, especially when a person meets new people or travels to unfamiliar places. It displays an individualās low self-confidence characteristics with increased fear of what others think about them. Children can develop shyness from an early age based on various factors...
Among the many adulthood challenges, finding the right ways to treat adolescent children occupies a special place. As mentioned in the textbook, conflicts with them “have the most detrimental impact on marital satisfactionā (Kraynok et al., 2017, p. 550). Failing to be flexible and applying an authoritarian style, adults often...
During the first years of a child’s life, key aspects of the cognitive and physical structure develop. Physical development, including the growth of the brain and nervous system, is the basis for enhancing cognitive and motor skills. Rapid growth takes place up to 2-3 years; by the age of three...
Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a life-long developmental or intellectual disability associated with severe impairments in communication and social interrelations. Children suffering from autism experience difficulties in communication, whether verbal or non-verbal. Verbally, some children remain silent or have little communication while others may consistently repeat what is being...
Introduction Experts in autism have often said that the mother of an autistic kid is the most dependable person to add value to an autistic kidās life in the early stages. Unfortunately the higher level of care and attention extended to such kids ends up consuming the happiness of those...
Introduction The following paper presents a case study of A.J. ā a 15-year-old girl put on probation due to numerous arrests for simple assault and underage drinking, caused by psychological trauma and addiction issues. The motivation behind highlighting the following case lies within today’s relevance of the issue of neglecting...
In the original article, the researchers developed a visual cliff apparatus and made a hypothesis that depth perception is inherited rather than learned. Gibson and Walk (1960) utilized an experimental method to assess the independent variable of calling the infant from a particular side of the apparatus and the dependent...
I interviewed Martha Stokes, who has a Bachelorās Degree in Education. She teaches at Everbrook Academy of Lincoln Park in Chicago, Illinois. I interviewed on 14th October 2020 via Zoom and the interview lasted one hour. The Interview Student (Ashley): Thank you so much for taking some time out of...
It may be challenging to work with children, and some factors can worsen the situation. According to researchers, behavioural disorder entails āa pattern of disruptive behaviours in a child that manifests for at least six months leading to problems in the social set-ups including in school, and at homeā (āBehavioural...
Sometimes children have problems with attention, which can remain in adulthood without proper treatment. The main difficulties await such children during the school period when concentration, focus, and the ability to analyze are necessary. Such students, having all the essential intellectual talents, nevertheless, cannot acquire sufficient skills in reading and...
Introductions Challenges related to child care have been posing significant limitations to work, especially for mothers who accept unpaid caregiving obligations due to their respective familiesā incapability to pay for or access child care services. A child from such a family often endures constraints when placed at any care facility....
Introduction Adolescence is a stage of development whereby people experience interpersonal, emotional, and cognitive changes. These young individuals encounter numerous challenges and opportunities from the external environment, peers, cultural values, media outlets, and learning institutions. They undergo various psychological and physical changes that prepare them for complex roles and responsibilities...
Finding problems in a child’s mental skills, as well as information perception and processing skills, usually requires the work of a specialist, such as a clinical psychologist, with knowledge of cognitive learning skills. The price, availability, and logistics of these services are often barriers that limit the number of people...
Childhood is an essential period that defines the behavior of the person and an important phase in human development. According to statistical data, approximately 130 thousand juveniles are arrested annually in America with little knowledge of the system the correctional facilities use to prevent future misconduct (Aizer and Doyle 759)....
Various approaches are applied to differentiate between the levels of intelligence. For instance, aptitude tests serve to predict oneās performance in certain areas, while achievement tests assess the current abilities of a person (Katz & Brown, 2019). The IQ measurement is used to examine an individualās cognitive state and determine...
Introduction Physical and cognitive development is a complicated process that plays an integral role in an individualās wellbeing. In this regard, people, especially parents and scholars, should be aware of different aspects of this development since the knowledge of it facilitates designing and selecting the right practices that promote the...
Children with disabilities need a particular attention The No Child Left Behind Act (NCBA) passed in 2001 is one of the most important reforms in modern education. The main aim of this act is to make education accessible to every child. This act insists on high standards for all children....
Bullying is an aggressive pursuit of one of the persons in a collective by other individuals of the collective or part of it. Bullying destroys a personās self-esteem; then, a plethora of complexes are formed at the bullying object. The child begins to believe that he or she has deserved...
Sleep is a primary human function, but also an incredibly complex behavior. It plays a significant role in children’s lives and their continued development and health. It is essential not only for daily functioning but also for children’s physical growth, learning, and well-being. Like for adults, for toddlers, sleep is...
Human development is a complex life-long process that involves physical, cognitive, and psychosocial maturation. A child’s mental, behavioral, and social developmental outcomes, as well as physical health, are determined by socioeconomic circumstances. Nurses are responsible for analyzing individual differences of a learner at each developmental level and in regard to...
The proverb that I chose for the assignment sounds as following: āChildren are not born with prejudices- they learn themā. The proverb has been a topic for discussion and empirical research for many years, which was one of the main reasons for choosing it. Personally, I completely agree with the...
Different disciplines including social psychology, sociology, education, and family studies agree that family structures have a significant influence on childrenās mental and physical health. The intact family is associated with the healthy development of a child, whereas divorce was found to harm children in their childhood and young adulthood. Although...
There is no doubt that teenagers overcome numerous stressful situations. These problems affect their behavior and overall well-being, which includes both physical and mental health. When stress becomes too overwhelming, they need to receive support in assessing the situations adequately and deciding on logical actions. One of the most frequent...
Introduction Spanking is a disciplinary method that has over the years been fought against in many countries. In the United States of America, those who support the ban argue that spanking has a long-run negative effect on the child. Larzelere insists that the justification of banning the practice does not...
Emotions often prove to be very difficult to deal with even in adults, and may become practically uncontrollable in children. However, based on the theories of social and emotional development, specifically, the one by Vygotsky, children are quite capable of identifying their emotions and containing them (Fleer et al, p....
All behavior is a result of the interaction between one’s genetics and the environment A childās behavior is often the result of their interaction with the environment. One of the immediate environments that children are exposed to is family. Parentsā interaction with their kids has a profound impact throughout the...
Elizabeth Harvey, a psychologist at the University of Massachusetts, examined the long-term effects of parental employment during the childrenās first three years of life. Dr. Elizabeth based her study on the development areas of cognitive, academic, behavioral issues, compliance and self-esteem. Based on the study of 6000 children she reported...
Introduction Middle childhood begins from the age of around six years to twelve years. This is a stage where most of the children begin to explore their talents and possibly attain a sense of self-recognition. It is also a stage where parents, teachers, and guardians start to notice and identify...
It is an engaging process to observe children doing different activities. Without any doubt, childhood professionals must have a profound understanding of childrenās actions and interactions and identify their strengths to implement all of this knowledge in practice. The careful observation of Kyrill reveals many interesting details for childhood professionals,...
Introduction The first years of behavioral and academic development are especially important for children. The evaluation of developmental milestones can be performed based on the predictable courses that should be used by teachers. The early identification of any delays allows for choosing proper instructional strategies and activities to foster child...
Hormones regulate the inner processes of the human body. They may influence everything in the organism: growth, mood, immune system, metabolism, and reproductive cycle. It is clear that disorders of glands, and therefore the hormone production, also have their impact on physical and mental health. The term āhormonal imbalanceā is...
The play has been very instrumental in childrenās development for many centuries. The choice of the type of play has a great impact on the value the child gets from active involvement in the act (Landreth 6). Play is any structured activity that helps connect the children with the outside...
Abstract This research study aims to examine the importance of outdoor play on the development of children. The rationale behind this is that outdoor play enhances the process of learning, physical development, motor development, sociability, innovativeness, creativity, cooperative ability and many other aspects of the childās development. A medium-sized center...
Introduction There is an increase in the number of children being exposed to maltreatment, assault, and witnessing domestic and community violence. This exposure can have a number of deleterious and long-lasting effects on teenagers such as aggressive behavior, depression, anxiety, lower levels of social competence and self-esteem, poor academic performance,...
Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a neurobiological disorder and has the potential to disturb the intellectual, social, and professional performance of the affected person. The most crucial aspect of the disorder is the persistent obsessions and compulsions which the child witnesses, hindering daily life. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an illness that affects...
Introduction Many grown-ups view children’s life as a life that is always happy, playful, joyous and free from any kind of stress. The parents, caretakers and adults in general view that children do not have jobs to keep and go to, bills to pay or families to run therefore they...
The process of child development starts with infant-mother interrelation being the background of human inner world formation. Parenting or mothering is considered to be the process of a motherās interaction with her children. This style of interaction covers various outcomes such as mother-infant relationships, behavioral problems and the prosocial behavior...
Introduction Depression can be defined as a disorder of mood that affects the mind of an individual. The word depression can be used in other aspects such as economy, geology, and physiological depression. Depression is a very common psychological disorder that has been noted to be affecting the Childs overall...
āChild neglectā or āchild abuseā is an ambiguous and all-encompassing term used to describe actions perpetrated by parents on children which are universally deemed harmful by society and as defined by law. Historically speaking, child neglect is a relatively new concept and its meaning is in a constant state of...
Autism Autism is a psychological and/or mental disorder that has been under study for several years now. Scientists, pharmaceutical companies, and physicians are working hand in hand to find out more about this disorder and discover possible treatments that will help the recognized autistic people and their families. To diagnose...
Introduction Globally, there have been a considerable proportion of separation and divorce cases. Mostly undesirable, divorce and separation usually signify a breakdown of a serious or significant partnership; hence are a major life stressor to all members of the affected family; notably the children. Researches show a particularly stronger correlation...
Autism is a psychological and/or mental disorder that has been under study for several years now. Scientists, pharmaceutical companies, and physicians are working hand in hand to find out more about this disorder and discover possible treatments that will help the recognized autistic people and their families. To diagnose whether...
Parents play the most important role in the healthy development and growth of their children. They have control over their children both emotionally as well as financially. The power or the strictness that parents have towards their children is often considered to have a positive impact. However, there are times...
Introduction Every day, people grow and develop even without them knowing it. Of course, this is more apparent over time. When one has not seen a childhood friend for years, he or she may noticed a lot of remarkable changes in that person and vice versa. Initially, itās the physical...
Introduction Susan and Jack’s son, Edward has been growing stronger and bigger since birth. By the time Edward reached his third birthday, he is over twice as tall as he was at birth and nearly three times as heavy. A childās body changes and grows in a predictable pattern. Physical...
Abstract Drug use has become more popular among adolescents between the ages of fourteen to seventeen years of age over the past ten years. Drug Abuse review of the last ten years of research on drug abuse shows that adolescent drug abuse rose sharply. If we can target the causes...
Every day thousands of couples officially register their relationships by getting married. People are eager to create family units, give birth to children, and live happily for years. However, a phenomenon of divorce becomes as common as marriage in modern society. There are many assumptions regarding this tendency, one of...
Cognitive, Language, and Literacy Development of the Infant After studying the chapter on the cognitive, language, and literacy development of infants it has come to my attention that environmental factors play a crucial role in helping to develop the cognitive skills of infants which help to facilitate proper development in...
Stages of development are very important in an individualās life. However, childhood stages are important as compared to other stages given the fact that key societal norms and regulations are acquired in the early stages of development. The importance of a developmental stage is determined by cultural norms and standards...
Introduction For this child observation study, I chose to identify and describe the developmental stage of a 20-month old girl, Christine. Christine has light brown hair, brown eyes, bowlegs, and an interestingly strong hesitance to crawl. When Christine smiled at me, I noticed she only had a pair of teeth...
Introduction The development of children and adolescent is an important process, which is complex and different for diverse children. The development shapes a childās daily life in the present and in the future as an adult. Enhancing good health in development of a child emotionally, physically and mentally cannot be...
Abstract Sibling- incest victims, CSA victims, and rape survivors have been unable to enjoy normal sexual functionality or keep their important relationships in their adulthood. Relationships and sexual activities in normal life play a very important role in the well-being of a person. For human beings to be able to...
Introduction The importance of play in child development cannot be overstated. In Australia, the play has been identified as a crucial methodology for learning for children. In light of the stated, there have been numerous researches done to determine the impact of the play. Through the said researches, it has...
Are peers more important than parents during the process of development? Over the past years, a lot of discussions have been held concerning the influence of both parents and peers on the growth of youngsters. The research carried on this topic has often illustrated that both parents and peers influence...
Abstract The US toy industry has grown immensely over the years because of the high demand for learning toys. Learning toys are ubiquitous in schools and homes because of the assumption that they boost childrenās cognitive development. The existing literature reveals a divisive stance on this presumption. The majority of...
Introduction When parents are divorcing, there is always the issue of the reaction of children to divorce; the concern is always on the growth and development of children, how healthy and happy children will grow in the absence of their two parents. According to research, most children experience short term...
Research question For decades, there have been arguments that television programs have negative effects on children. Many people believe that most television programs do not add value to their children. Consequently, many suppose that rather than watching television, children ought to focus on essential issues like studying, sports, and other...
Abstract The development of children has been a topic of extensive research, and it has been found that educational establishments (such as nurseries and schools) are beneficial for childrenās development at a very early age. In many countries, nurseries are regarded as an important step in childrenās acquisition of motor...
Introduction The explosion of behavior changes on children has sparked a series of developmental theories to explain this controversy. The theories help in organizing and seeking meaning to the controversial topics. Should parents be allowed to punish their children physically if they want to? Different opinions emerge based on personal,...