Jach, H. K., & Smillie, L. D. (2019). To fear or fly to the unknown: Openness to experience and big five personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 79, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2019.02.003 In this article, Jach and Smillie (2019) investigate the nature of ambiguity tolerance as the ability to perceive uncertain...
Introduction A strong sense of meaning and purpose might come from personal spirituality or religious conviction. Some people may not value religion much, while personal spirituality can be a guiding principle for others. Many people can better grasp the meaning of the universe and the reason for our being thanks...
Personality psychology is the science of personality structure. The field tries to comprehend a person’s primary psychological characteristics and how those tendencies manifest in one’s life. The theories chosen for the analysis belong to the trait theory approach, one of the most important subfields of psychological science. According to the...
Introduction Recently, a plethora of personality assessments has grown in popularity, most of which are still widely available or readily available online. Analyzing personality traits repeatedly in journals, diaries, or experiential sampling studies is becoming more popular in the psychologist’s toolset (Horstmann & Ziegler, 2020). Moreover, personality evaluations have risen...
Personality theories are often applied in different professional, academic, and medical settings to characterize people and place them in suitable positions. There are many assessment tests for personality used by psychologists. (Saugstad, 2018). The current paper applies the big five and Cattel’s 16 personality factor (16 PF) to understand Rachel’s...
The evaluation of a person’s character or persona may be accomplished via a method known as personality testing. Personality tests are standard because health care professionals, such as therapists and psychologists, depend on them to scientifically evaluate their patients’ personalities (Lundgren et al., 2019). This standard is why personality tests...
Introduction The field of social psychology deals with how people feel, think, and behave in social situations by examining individual behavior and group dynamics. The closely interweaving social psychology concepts of cognitive dissonance, self-handicapping, and self-preservation theory are crucial in understanding how people and communities operate. Cognitive dissonance refers to...
Raskin and Terry (1988) defined narcissism as a personality trait marked by a heightened belief in oneself, an absence of compassion, and a continuous need for praise from others. People who exhibit narcissistic characteristics may overestimate their skills and accomplishments and think they deserve special consideration or benefits (Casale, 2021)....
Job performance is an important factor impacting an individual’s ability to succeed, build a career and position in society. At the same time, the increased importance of business and the constantly growing competition in various spheres impact companies’ approaches to staffing. It means that firms prefer candidates that might contribute...
Personality entails the permanent features and behaviors that make up a person’s particular way of dealing with life, such as significant characteristics, interests, motivations, self-concept, abilities, values, and behavioral patterns. Moreover, characteristics are recurring behavioral patterns, emotions, and thoughts that individuals manifest in different situations (Jayawickreme et al., 2019). According...
Introduction Mental well-being is crucial for personal development and social interactions and can be enhanced through positive psychology. Various interventions for mental illness have been developed, including positive psychology, psychotherapy, and dual diagnosis treatment. Positive psychology involves a scientific study of positive subjective experiences, individual traits, and institutions. Positive psychology...
People tend to look for romantic partners for various reasons, but, at the same time, in the modern world, the choice to be single is increasingly common. In relationships, people care for each other, share their experiences and thoughts, and respect each other. In turn, single people can feel more...
The use of electronic devices among children is on the rise. According to a survey by Paulus et al., the average child spends over 7 hours per day using screens (645). This time could have been spent sleeping, reading a book, or playing outside. Whether it is cyberbullying or acts...
Introduction Adequate levels of self-awareness and self-esteem are the key factors that allow people to succeed. Identifying one’s strong and weak sides is beneficial for recognizing where one should grow and what one has to improve. A better understanding of oneself helps one become more confident and aim for larger...
The modern world is characterized by the extremely high speed of various processes. Technologies and availability of data and methods of its sharing introduce the need for fast decision-making and responses. For this reason, to be successful, people should be ready to engage in these processes and do their best....
A personality is not just a set of various characteristics but traits. These personality traits help to predict and explain the behavior of this person. A personality is a set of features that define and make one unique. However, sometimes can talk about the type of person based on their...
Introduction Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic technique that operates on the assumption that everyone has unconscious memories, emotions, and feelings that influence their daily events and dreams. Sigmund Freud whose emphasis was on sexual desires and urges repressed in the unconscious mind invented the psychoanalysis theory (Yalof, 2020). Psychoanalysts facilitate the...
The Personality Inventory for Children (PIC) is a multidimensional assessment of children focusing on the absence of diagnostic contributions. Although the test is taken by parents or their surrogates, it targets school-age children (Lachar, 2014). The PIC employs such an approach because early graders cannot adequately describe themselves due to...
Introduction Determining the extent of one’s abilities, particularly, cognitive and analytical skills, represents a critical step in a range of strategies within the field of social work. Therefore, the application of an appropriate test type and an adequate assessment of results may predetermine the outcomes of an intervention and the...
Introduction Freud’s tripartite personality theory distinguishes between the three elements of the personality that become more integrated with time. The Id serves as the personality’s primary and primitive part responsible for chaotic/unstable desires and the happiness principle, and the Ego, as a rational part, supports the Id in adjusting to...
Meditation and Trauma Traumatic experiences, which are a prominent subject in the mental health field, afflict many young people. Traumatic events leave an indelible mark on a person’s psyche, resulting in emotional and behavioral issues. Trauma is a reaction to a traumatic experience that left a lasting impression and resulted...
Introduction Internet addiction is one of the most common phenomena of the last decade. The reason for the constant growth of the percentage of addicts is straightforward. In social networks and online games, a person who is unsatisfied with life or unsure of oneself can try on a different image...
There are a large number of ways to introspect in order to satisfy certain needs. One of the most well-known is Maslow’s theory, according to which person necessities have levels from simpler to higher. Pursuing higher requirements usually occurs only after satisfying lower needs, such as food and security. In...
Motivations are very comparable to emotions since they have a huge impact on the relationship between the environment and an individual. The ability to regulate and control emotions heavily depends on certain things such as age (Burr et al., 2021). However, motivations vary from emotions in that they are more...
Students in all stages of education face many stressors that significantly impact their mental health. The pressure to succeed academically and the need to maintain social connections or take part in activities out of class affect the still-developing mind (Brown, 2018). According to Brown (2018), approximately three-fourths of lifetime mental...
Response 1 The provided article is an outstanding illustration of how motivation manifests itself in a dualism of approach and avoidance. The findings complement my own assessment of the notion of motivation since the underlying concepts have the potential to explain a multitude of health issues (Chasiotis, Wedderhoff, Rosman, &...
It is possible to analyze Lola’s case study from a motives perspective because the girl experiences an identity crisis and strives to find her place in society. She does not have physical needs and desires problems, and she does not need to fight for survival. Therefore, she focuses mainly on...
Introduction A theory describes how some component of human action or achievement is structured, encouraging people to make judgments about that conduct. Hypotheses provide ideas to name what individuals perceive and clarify the links between notions. In addition, a concept enables individuals to describe what they observe and choose how...
Introduction The problem of the occurrence of stress attracts the attention of many specialists. Stressful events are widespread in educational settings for both students and teachers. Lots of exams, assessments, and deadlines create a lot of pressure to complete. Stress can critically impact memory, thus, the learning process. The level...
Viktor Frankl’s Man’s Search of Meaning tells us from the very first pages that it is not like other works about concentration camps. Unlike similar literature, this book has several huge differences because it is not about the horrors of war, but about the other side, about that and those...
Psychoanalytic Aspect of Personality From the standpoint of psychoanalysis, a number of events from Maya Angelou’s childhood had a significant impact on the future writer. One of them was the divorce of her parents at the age of three, which she described in her book (Angelou, 2002). In addition, she...
Several positive aspects can be highlighted in the Personality Inventory (PI) by H. J. Eysenck. Firstly, the researcher pays tribute to his predecessor K. Jung and brings the physiological bases under the psychological types. Secondly, all psychological manifestations, normal and pathological, are considered continuums of values and not as extreme...
I tend to believe that I remain the same person I was ten years ago. Even though the atoms of my body are completely renewed, this process is natural and does not affect my ability to perceive. Being an ordinary person, I can change my point of view on specific...
The factors that are the most likely to guarantee psychologically and physically healthy aging are generally identified as absence of serious chronic illnesses and disabilities, as well as proper physical and mental capacities. According to the socio-emotional selectivity theory, the older generation tends to experience high levels of wellbeing, and...
I disagree with the statement that individuals who have been contemplating suicide never tell anyone about their thoughts. This suggestion is too categorical and can be disproved by both my personal experience and scholarly resources. While it is true that some people with suicidal thoughts do not disclose them, there...
Introduction Person-centered therapy is based on the ideas of a humanistic approach to psychology. Its purpose is to facilitate change and growth by helping the client realize and fulfill their potential. According to Gladding (2021), “the validity of the person-centered approach to counseling may seem obvious in the 21st century,...
Introduction The Definitive Book of Body Language proved that I do not enjoy studying psychology and sociology for nothing. Chapter 9 was full of fantastic allegories and read in the same breath, which is quite a rare thing for psychological books, where it is needed to analyze everything. It taught...
There are many interesting paradoxes and stereotypes about how we think, make decisions, beliefs, etc. Thus, two interesting aspects of our thinking are group thinking and Abilene Paradox. They have a similar principle of work; both aspects are related to our reflection in the context of a group of people...
Representatives of various personality types enter the labor market and occupy various positions according to their preferences. For example, an extroverted ethicist who loves those with whom he works side by side will prefer to keep his current position rather than go for a promotion solely because of money. Personal...
The idea of Biblical ​​forgiveness runs like a red line through the entire text of Desmond Tutu. Around the commandment of it, he builds his whole position as a human rights activist. Forgiveness is served through selfishness: “To forgive is indeed the best form of self-interest” (Tutu 191). This concept...
Introduction Many theories explain people’s behaviors and habits in different situations. Although distinct, these theories overlap in some areas but contradict many others. Although they pose their limitations, most of these practical theories can be used in clinical sessions. Understanding the theories and their groups and when to place a...
Middle age is the central time in the life of a human being. It is the span between early adulthood and late adulthood. In the United States, middle age is perceived to be the life between 40-65 years (Lumen Learning, n.d). This age is the most stressful time for most...
“Man’s main task in life is to give birth to himself, to become what he potentially is. The most important product of his effort is his own personality.” Erich Fromm. Many events in the world influence the kind of personalities people become: good or bad accidents, stopping at school or...
Happiness is an important aspect that plays a vital role in people’s lives. Individuals’ approaches to pursuing happiness vary from one person to another. Some essential benefits of happiness include reduced stress, boosted immune system, a healthy lifestyle, and the maintenance of healthy relationships. However, I know individuals who are...
Introduction The article “Inpatient Therapeutic Assessment with Narcissistic Personality Disorder” by Jon Hinrichs explores a C/TA inpatient variation illustrated with egotistical personality complaints. After briefly overviewing salient ideas, the author provides a thorough clinical interview account, test clarification paired with analytical considerations explicit to narcissism, deliberate intervention, and dialog of...
A young adult faces numerous changes in life, with the main transition occurring when one completes school and begins looking for a job (Ryan, Solberg, & Brown, 1996). The subject of understanding familial origins of individual confidence necessary for professional transitions has as gained importance in counseling psychology (Ryan, Solberg,...
Businesses, sciences, and arts benefit from creative persons who bring new solutions to problems. Creativity is not one’s inherent quality but a product of the environment, expertise, motivation, imaginative thinking, and desire to seek new experiences (Myers & DeWall, 2020). Business ventures are often risky and require out-of-the-box solutions to...
The mechanism of how dreams occur has been one of the mysteries that science has failed to solve. Dreams can be classified as positive or as nightmares, including scary and terrible visions. Having nightmares has been considered to be normal in both adults and children. However, regular nightmares can develop...
Self-esteem is regarded as one of the most important factors that govern a person’s identity and interaction with the world. It is generally defined as the tendency to evaluate oneself in either a positive or negative way and is associated with other diverse concepts such as individuality, worth, confidence, respect,...
Attractiveness is an individual trait that affects society’s perception of a person. The Franklin and Zebrowitz chapter explores how different theories of attractiveness combine in a society. They examine the halo effect-the benefits of conventionally attractive appearance, which Eagly, Ashmore, Makhijani, & Longo have also studied. The authors emphasize that...
A situation can influence an individual’s behavior, feelings, or thoughts. Although people’s behaviors are determined mainly by their beliefs, religion, and culture, an individual’s situation may make them not behave as expected (Spielman et al., 2020). For instance, if a person is jailed for five years, they are likely to...
Introduction The list of qualities that I want my colleagues to remember about me has changed significantly compared to the first version. In particular, three new ones appeared, which replaced the previous positions. The quality ‘respectful’ has slightly declined in priority by one point, and adventurous remained in the same...
Personality testing is a popular field of psychological testing right now. Hundreds of personality tests are available, each based on a different theoretical perspective and employing a different procedure. Some tests concentrate on the precise measurement of a single construct or variable, whilst others aim to evaluate the personality as...
What thoughts come to your mind when someone mentions scientists? Probably, you believe that scientists are individuals with several degrees and years of experience in research that allow them to collect data, use evidence, make and test hypotheses, gain understanding, and share knowledge. But what would you tell if you...
Introduction The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and the Rorschach Inkblot Test are extensively used in psychology to determine the personality of individuals across various fields. The former was developed by Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother, Katherine Cook Briggs (Stein & Swan, 2019). On the other hand, the latter was...
Definitions of Coaching and Mentoring Mentorship and coaching are terms that are used interchangeably in different professional fields to show the transfer of useful skills from one individual to the other. Various researchers have given the words diverse meanings that are contextually relevant to their investigations. Clutterbuck (2014, p. 11)...
Introduction Psychology is defined as the study involving the human mind and behavior. Nonetheless, it is also believed that even minor human activities tend to involve complex psychological processing. Personality psychology is one of the psychology branches that tend to study the personality and variations among individuals. It also primarily...
Summary This case study assignment will examine and provide a detailed analysis of the case study about Jane, a 54-year-old Black female, who became a victim of a terrifying car accident. The paper will provide such essential characteristics as the critical issues of the diagnostic case study, the suggested assessment,...
Abstract Career self-assessment is an essential process of determining career choices for young and inexperienced youth. There exists a number of ways for one to determine the best-fit career choice that will tap into their God-given talents and interests. This paper aims to experiment with two different self-assessment tests to...
Self-leadership is the practice of influencing feelings and actions to achieve goals. Self-leadership means being in charge of your own life and taking responsibility for what happens. Further, this ability enhances self-efficacy, which improves decision-making skills, professional and personal productivity. Moreover, it has a positive effect on the self-perception and...
The book Who Moved My Cheese by Spencer Johnson is a metaphorical story about changes and people’s readiness to experience them. Changes constantly happen because the world is flexible, and the story reminds the readers about that. The cheese is a metaphorical representation of what people have in life or...
Chapter two touches upon the topic of resilience and oppression notions and their influence on people’s psychology. Chapter three focuses on discussing the preliminary phase of building contact with the client. Both chapters contain many theoretical approaches discussing their implementation in practice (Shulman, 2016). Social workers need to be aware...
The hypothesis of the article The Relationship between Length of Time in the U.S. and Mental Health among Immigrants by Park, Nish & Baptiste is that the prolonged presence of immigrants in the United States for various reasons increases their stress levels. The population of the research is predominantly Asians...
Summary The current case study incorporates the patient, Mrs. Smith, a woman in her early sixties who has recently lost her husband and finds herself alone for the first time in her life. She depended on her husband significantly, and after his death, Mrs. Smith has not only experienced significant...
In today’s economy, knowledge becomes the most valuable asset that enables comprehensive success. At the same time, knowing facts and principles is beneficial, but knowing oneself is crucial. In the 21st century, opportunities emerge for those who exhibit strong ambitions and desire to make a difference. However, the most prominent...
Overview of psychoanalytic and psychosocial theories of personality In the history of social sciences and humanities, various personality theories have been invented to explain the profound mechanism of the human psyche. Among them, several models are particularly prominent, including the psychoanalytic perspective. This theory focuses on the unconscious component of...
Jonathan Rauch’s article “Caring for your introvert” was published in the Atlantic in June 2018. The author talks about different types of human essence, namely introverts and extroverts, emphasizing their differences. It is mainly about how extroverts represent introverts and how many misunderstandings the behavior of quiet people causes for...
Farnell, Oliver. From Fear to Freedom. Independently Published. This book tells that fear and freedom are two opposite ends of the same path. At the same time, it is fear that is the beginning for an individual who lives in doubt, fear and attempts to control everything around. Throughout life,...
The origins of human personalities constitute a crucial challenge for many researchers around the world and present opportunities for scientific analysis. There are many theories concerning the topic of human personality which offer various explanations on how it is formed and shaped. The two most interesting groups of theories are...
Introduction By completing course assignments and studying additional literature, I learned quite a lot of information about myself and my personality. I realized that my body and consciousness limit is laid only based on my initial attitudes (Coon et al., 2022). Accordingly, when performing specific actions, I understand that their...
One of the primary ways in which beliefs can shape a person’s reality is through their influence on human behavior. That is, many people assume that beliefs determine actions; for me, the expression of views determines actions means that one’s choice to believe in something helps specify their following acts...
Emotional intelligence is the reverse side of rational intelligence, the ability of a person to manage their emotions, understand the feelings and intentions of others, and effectively solve any tasks. This part of human consciousness allows for not only being bright but also prosperous and, last but not least, happy....
Introduction Social identity is an essential element of any complex modern society, characterizing, shaping, and reflecting the processes taking place in it. Social identity as a concept is not new for the social sciences but nevertheless requires a clear definition before any discussion. As a rule, social identity is considered...
Introduction Personality refers to the distinctive emotions and behaviors, emotions, and actions that distinguish one individual from another. Character is said to emerge from within an individual and stay fairly consistent throughout life. Personality interpretations can concentrate on a wide range of variables, from clinical syndromes for personality characteristics to...
Personality disorder diagnosis does not take into account the social context. Although this does not mean personality disorders do not consider them totally, it is not enough. The diagnosis fails to recognize that people are different, and various social factors can affect an individual’s ability to cope with certain stress...
One of the oldest debates in Psychology is that of nature versus nurture, the significance of our genes as opposed to our environment in our development into the people that we are. I believe that although our genetics play a noteworthy role in our growth, determining some of our traits,...
Introduction Achieving high academic outcomes, as a rule, is the result of a series of efforts made to accomplish this goal. Diligence, innate talents, the ability to allocate time correctly, and sometimes financial capabilities determine educational success. However, in reviewing my own achievements, I can note that personality traits are...
Group counseling solves particular problems for which the individual format is insufficient. The group is an artificially created society in miniature, imitating real-life conditions with its relationships, emotions, conflict situations, and priorities. It primarily concerns difficulties in interpersonal communication at various social levels: in the family, at work, at study,...
Introduction Personality encompasses emotions, dispositions, and beliefs and thus is most visibly manifested in interpersonal interactions. It entails both natural and developed behavioral features that differentiate a person from another and can be noticed in how individuals interact with their surroundings and social circle. I suppose that personality of an...
The video of a guided pain management meditation selected for this assignment is titled “Chronic pain meditation | Natural pain relief | Relaxation for pain” and was uploaded by Generation Calm on January 22, 2021. The following link leads to this meditation practice video: *. I completed the 28-minute session...
The video named “Your body language may shape who you are” was selected for this particular assignment. In this video clip, a famous TED Talk presenter and speaker Amy Cuddy reveals her best practices in the field of social sciences and psychology. According to Amy Cuddy’s body language studies, shifting...
One of the modalities that helps people overcome difficulties and facilitate a better healing process is adventure therapy. Adventure therapy is a type of challenging activity that helps one enhance self-efficacy and build on their growth mindset skills. In the video “Adventure in Self-Efficacy: Increasing and Generalizing Efficacy in Outdoor...
TED Talk #1: Your Genes Are Not Your Fate In his TED talk, Dean Ornish suggests that human genes can be rewritten through behavior. According to Ornish (2008), healthy habits can positively affect one’s genetic code, with healthy eating, exercise, and positive thinking resulting in better oxygen and blood flow...
The concept of archetype nowadays is widely known and used, as a rule, to refer to a quality or symbol, which is greater than any of us, but at the same time, is a part of each personality. One of the main characteristics of archetypes is the fact that archetypes...
Many theories describe a person’s character, their traits and aim to predict some of the critical life events based on these factors. Catell’s Big Five Personality Traits are “neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness” (Lim, 2020, para. 3). Each of these characteristics is a continuum, which means then any person...
“Only dead fish swim with the stream” – this proverb, familiar to millions of English-speaking natives is metaphorically saying that only a lazy person waits for success without making any effort. The proverb also implicitly warns that a passive stance can lead to symbolic death or failure. There are many...
Introduction Personality is identified as a combination of behaviors, perceptions, and mental patterns that develop through time due to environmental and biological influences. The field of humanistic psychology, often known as personality psychology, aims to understand the principles that underpin behavioral distinctions. One of the factors considered possible to influence...
The Thesis Few people have noticed that the everyday use and meanings of the word “identity” are essentially new. The last (and most famous) thinker to pay attention to this was Kwame Anthony Appiah. He spoke about this in lectures given as part of the prestigious John Reith Radio series...
Sigmund Freud was one of the first among those who tried to interpret dreams as an aspect of the human psyche reflecting a person’s secret thoughts, fears, and desires. The psychologist has presented the idea that the sleeping mind hides the specific symbolic meaning in dreams: it disguises dreams because...
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs introduces five levels of the individual’s needs, all of which are essential to the proper development and growth. The system implies that the lowest levels include fundamental needs, such as physiological requirements (e.g., food and shelter) and safety conditions (Cherry par. 6). On the other hand,...
People use to think of themselves as rational and logical, but scientists have proven that sometimes they are too optimistic. If one is asked how their life will be affected by divorce, illness, injury, or job loss, they are likely to underestimate the probable impact of such an event on...
Introduction Different individuals respond to emotional stimuli in different ways even when they are exposed to the same environment. The concept of personality means the individual differences in the patterns of behaving, feeling, and thinking, and it attempts to explain how people respond differently to emotional stimuli. Studies have shown...
Personality Assessment Inventory (PIA) by Dr. Leslie Morey is a diagnostic tool designed to help psychologists ascertain abnormalities in mental development of test subjects. It is based on the respondents’ individual responses with no pre-determined goal of accessing their unconscious process, which characterizes PIA as an objective measure (Akbari-Zardkhaneh &...
Jen is a 19-year-old woman who mistrusts men due to her relationship with her father, who left her and Jen’s mother to create a new family with his mistress. Since Jen only began to explore relationships with men and she knows that her mistrust is linked to her childhood, individual...
Assessment Tools for the Client A biopsychosocial approach is a holistic way of treating sexual disorders, which involves a multipurpose awareness of sexuality. In its sense, both sexual and perceived sexual and fundamental sexual functions can be influenced by physical, neurological, neurocognitive, behavioral, and relational factors. Several factors, including decreased...
The theory of personality developed in this work assumes that personality is multifaceted and multicomponent, and it is the variability of its constituent components that forms a plurality of uniquely dissimilar people. It can be stated — and the reasons why will be described later — that no two people...
Introduction The human-technology relationship in the contemporary era provides enormous benefits, such as the enhancement of quality of life. For some people, this relationship allows them to connect with long-distance relatives; some are able to access required information in a moment, and some use technology for entertainment. Consequently, numerous research...
Task performance is the composition of the most predominant traits that correlate with the Big Five personality test. Depending on the specific characteristics, it becomes possible to define the advantages and disadvantages of the employee’s task performance type. It allows for distributing the work more effectively and managing the positions...
Proper access to mental care services and care is the first and essential aspect of a person’s wellbeing, however, a plethora of factors impact one’s ability to receive the needed support. It is evident that the inability to adequately address individuals’ needs of psychological help will result in consequences in...
