Gardner’s theory states that individuals entail not only intelligence capacity but also different kinds of intelligence. The multiple intelligences include interpersonal, musical, spatial-visual, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinetic, intrapersonal, and linguistic (Moran & Gardner, 2018). Gardner asserts that learning institutions should support all types of intellectual rather than relying only on linguistic and logical intelligence. As illustrated by Gardner, various types of intelligence exist that individuals can use when referring to individuals with special abilities or brainpower.
According to Gardner, an individual with interpersonal intelligence has the skills to connect and understand people’s emotions and desires via effective non-verbal cues or verbal communication. Those recognized to have musical intelligence can compose, perform, have good rhythm, and appreciate musical patterns (Sternberg, 2021). Logical-mathematical intelligence involves individuals with the potential skills to analyze, solve logical problems easily and identify solutions regarding scientific or languages, a perfect example includes coding. Intrapersonal intelligence entails individuals who can identify their emotional conditions and feelings and are mostly introverted, self-motivated, and enjoy self-analysis and reflection. Linguistic intelligence involves the ability to express one’s self through the use of written words successfully and to understand languages easily, especially foreign; examples of individuals with high linguistic intelligence are lawyers, poets, and writers (Erlina et al., 2019). Body kinetic implies that individuals with perfect body coordination and highly skilled in sports and dancing can learn things easily by exploring and doing them.
In conclusion, it is evident from Gardner’s intelligence that individuals can be grouped into various brainpower depending on their skills and abilities. These groups, in general, are recognized as multiple intelligence and range from using different music, words, numbers, and pictures. Gardner coined a theory that grouped the intellects into interpersonal, spatial-visual, and linguistic intelligence as a special way of recognizing their abilities.
References
Erlina, D., Marzulina, L., Astrid, A., Desvitasari, D., Sapriati, R. S., Amrina, R. D.,… & Habibi, A. (2019). Linguistic intelligence of undergraduate EFL learners in higher education: A Case study. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(10), 2143-2155. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2019.071012
Moran, S., & Gardner, H. (2018). Hill, skill, and will: Executive function from a multiple-intelligences perspective. In L. Meltzer (Ed.), Executive function in education: From theory to practice (pp. 25–56). The Guilford Press.
Sternberg, R. J. (2021). Toward a theory of musical intelligence. Psychology of Music, 49(6), 1775-1785.