The case of Treena illustrates an example of a prospective and seemingly social student who displays shyness and an inability to speak in groups. The possible reasons for her reluctance can be considered from both human and cognitive development perspectives. In particular, human development approaches, such as Erikson’s theory, imply that several stages of people’s development affect their behavior and interactions with others (Schutte et al., 2021).
Stage Four of the theory involves problems associated with Industry Vs—inferiority (Schutte et al., 2021). Peer pressure, comparison with others, and the fear of making mistakes can impede one’s accomplishments and development (Huberman, 2016). In the given case study, a sense of inferiority can prevent Treena from speaking in group discussions, building skills, and gaining competence.
Furthermore, the case study can be considered from the perspective of cognitive development theories, which explain the evolution of people’s thinking processes. For example, Piaget’s theory of cognitive development focuses on egocentrism, which indicates that children struggle to understand other people’s viewpoints (Schutte et al., 2021). Treena may think that other people focus exclusively on her and her responses. In turn, this pressure can cause discomfort and fear of judgment, resulting in shyness, lack of confidence, and reluctance to speak in groups.
There are three strategies that I would personally implement when working with Treena. First, I would establish a safe and non-judgmental environment during classes, emphasizing acceptance and support as core values. As a result, Treena can be encouraged to speak more and express her ideas without being scared of criticism. According to Poulin (n.d.), environmental factors play an essential role in children’s development, emphasizing the importance of a supportive class setting.
Second, I would include Treena in pair activities or smaller group discussions to help her feel more comfortable with others. This approach can help the girl practice before speaking in front of larger audiences and gradually build confidence. Third, I would use positive reinforcement to encourage Treena’s participation in discussions and help her associate them with positive experiences and actively participate in group work.
For example, verbal praise or tangible reinforcers like stickers can be used to promote social behavior. Overall, creating a safe environment, implementing gradual exposure to smaller groups, and using positive reinforcement methods can help Treena overcome her reluctance to speak publicly in group settings.
References
Huberman, B. (2016). Growth and development, ages 13 to 17: What parents need to know. Advocates for Youth. Web.
Poulin, M. (n.d.). Issues affecting child development[PowerPoint Slides].
Schutte, A. R., Stevens, J. R., & Torquati, J. C. (2021). Nature and psychology: Biological, cognitive, developmental, and social pathways to well-being. Springer.