Introduction Cognitive development is a concept, which encompasses all forms of cognitive and developmental processes, such as perception, memory, conceptual thinking, problem-solving, imagination, and logic. This epistemological theory has given many basic concepts in the studies of developmental psychology. It explores the growth of rationality, which means the ability to...
The paper will discuss the remarkable research of Elizabeth Loftus, who claimed that when one recalls a memory, the occasion is not absolutely reimagined. Instead, he or she remembers a reconstruction of this occasion. The author also assumes that her findings are evident from criminal investigation cases during which the...
The two necessary conditions for adult cognitive development are the person’s ability to engage in rational discourse and critically reflect to the receive experience. Cognitive development is closely connected to the change in thinking patterns, and the more they are creative and powerful the better achievements the person may expect...
Abstract In this research, the core question of biological psychology about the interconnection of bodily systems and mental operations is investigated, considering its different aspects. First, the general problem of the relevance of the body-mind connection is discussed, considering its philosophical and scientific foundations. Second, the nature of the connection...
We live in the era of modern technologies and scientific developments. The science is developed at a very quick pace. The main subject of the modern science is a human being. Despite all modern achievements and inventions, a human being still remains a mystery for the science. In the previous...
Blink: The Power of Thinking is an academic work written in plain language by Malcolm Gladwell. The author of the book investigates the specific human’s ability to understand the situation from the first view. The researcher claims that the person’s unconscious is able to find the patterns of someone’s behavior...
The sensory system of human beings includes organs that perceive and analyze all stimuli that come to them from the internal and external environment. Each of the five sensory organs, biological cycles, and other physical characteristics of a person are directly involved in the collection and analysis of information and...
With their paper, Hutto et al. (2014) seek to contribute to the century-long debate that engages both philosophers, and cognitive scientists regarding the extent of human cognition. In particular, Hutto et al. (2014) make an argument in support of the theory of radical enactivism that is often considered ill-conceived or...
The human brain has always been a versatile field for investigations within psychology. It is considered to be the only tool for receiving and analyzing information. Nevertheless, the proper organization of its work requires a deeper understanding of learning processes in terms of their effective usage. Defining the role of...
Most people who are convicted of driving under the influence (DUI) in the United States are repeat offenders. As a result, many research studies have been conducted to find out specific factors affecting DUI recidivism. However, most of the studies have focused on the drinking habits as well as drinking-related...
Summary The article “Perception and Attention II” introduces readers to the concepts of sensory buffers and the hierarchy of needs which apparently dictate the inclusion of specific types of information when it come to an individual focusing attention on a particular activity or on an observable event that captures their...
The discipline of psychology, memory is defined as a process through which information is received, stored and decoded. Memory is important and there are various types of memory, classified according to different criteria such as the type of information received and stored. People forget some things from time to time,...
A true miracle occurred when first moving pictures appeared back in 1878. It was hard to believe that later the whole words would be created by means of movie industry, and the characters of favorite novels will live their lives on the cinema screens, depicted by movie creators’ imagination. But...
The understanding of consciousness has for a long time been subject to a number of discussions. The advancement in scientific knowledge has, however, revolutionized the mindset of people in relation to the effective comprehension of consciousness. This paper is a critique of an article about consciousness by Marie-Helen. The relationship...
The paper is titled “Learning and Memory Systems: Work in Progress” and reviews the phenomenon of memory as a psychological concept. The paper discusses memory, types of memory, memory storage in the brain and how memory and the brain relate to each other. There is further discussion about amnesia and...
Obsessions are unwanted, annoying thoughts, motives, or images, which usually cause pronounced discomfort or anxiety. The dominant theme of obsessive thoughts can be harm or risk to oneself and others, danger, infection, doubt, loss, or aggression. For instance, patients may be haunted by the thought of contracting bacteria through dirt...
The article presents the results of an in-depth assessment of secular cognitive performance trends among the elderly population in the United States from 1999 to 2014. This research is made urgent by the progressive extension of people’s lifespans. While people live longer, those prolonged lifespans also mean extended periods of...
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder In the context of the modern world’s rapid development, US residents struggle with high levels of stress caused by both financial and emotional hardships. Thus, the notions of various mental disorders become familiar to people at a relatively early age. Such a variety, however, may often...
Excessive workload has always been one of the main challenges that nurses face while working. It is defined by the amount of work performed by an individual in a given period. According to Madadzadeh, Barati, Asour, “Excessive workload is a major source of stress; in 37% oAs ourjects hi,gh workload...
Research Topic The proposed research is concerned with employee empowerment (EE). In particular, the varied methods of EE and their relative effectiveness are going to be studied in the view of humanistic psychology (HP). The preliminary aim of the study consists in defining the reasons for the different levels of...
Introduction Over the past decades, the number of publications on the problem of the regulation of emotions in norm and pathology in the psychological literature has increased many times every year (Anastasi, 2013). However, despite the fact that this topic is increasingly becoming the object of systematic research in both...
What is it about the cognitive model and cognitive-behavior therapy that you find most attractive as a behavioral health counselor? The cognitive-behavioral model aims to change thinking patterns of patients and manage negative attitudes and communication patterns. The aim of cognitive-behavioral therapy is to teach and elucidate a client how...
The cognitive theory was developed by Jean Piaget, a biologist, and psychologist. The theory is based on four stages of a child’s development which help physiologists to understand and evaluate the growth and maturity of a child. The theory consists of four stages: sensorimotor period (years 0–2); preoperational period (years...
Introduction Psychologists have examined the growth of human beings from infancy to adulthood. They have focused on the aspects that contribute to personality traits, the way of living, and also mental development. Of keen interest are the effects of some stimuli of human development for example does genetics pre-program an...
Introduction Children with autism have difficulty communicating but only to those who do not know their complicated situation. Ordinary people who do not know autism think and believe the many myths surrounding autism. But these are myths that people with autism themselves would like to prove wrong. We lack understanding...
Sometimes people make decisions that are beyond their and their reasonable thinking. Instead, their thinking mostly depends on a particular situation or on other people’s experiences. That means that their principles and prejudice are based on subjective meaning, and therefore they don’t realize indeed to what consequences it might lead....
Human cognitive development was described in several theories, and one of the major contemporary issues in developmental psychology is sociocultural influences on the progress of the human mind through the life span. The present paper addresses the social and cultural components of cognitive development. According to Lev Vygotsky, social interaction...
Introduction Gary and Martha (2004) define Cognitive development as the development of the ability to think and reason. Piaget’s theory focuses on how people think, that is, thought processes instead of on what they think (content). There are two processes used by children and adults to deal with new ideas;...
Kids will never enjoy their childhood if playing is not incorporated in their daily activities. The most common perception of play is that it is a fun but rather frivolous activity. Many parents, the general public, and some teachers and administrators view play as a nice treat for children who...
Introduction As an essential part of personal growth, self-esteem covers the overall self-acceptance and comprehension of self-worth by an individual. More specifically, the concept of self-esteem implies the belief and conscious determination of special abilities, thus, it is described commonly as an individual’s assessment of their value and competence. The...
Abstract Behavioral, traits, cognitive, psychoanalytic, and humanistic theories are important in psychology. Psychologists use them to explain people’s behavior and even their personalities. Thus, through them, one can understand why people behave in a unique manner when compared to others. Cognitive psychology involves studying people’s thinking process. Plato and René...
Attention The concept of attention is a nightmare to the majority of scholars. It involves a number of psychological happenings, as well as, concentrating on one or a number of activities while disregarding the others. People can consciously allocate their attention to tasks. Attention facilitates the selection of the relevant...
Introduction Theorists such as Vygotsky and Whorf have tried to explore the effects of language on cognitive psychology. Similarly, they have tried to explore the significance of human thought on language. Consequently, numerous outcomes have been received with ranging views on their interpretation. Notably, most theorists believe that language plays...
Introduction Since its introduction by Festinger, the concept of cognitive dissonance has received widespread recognition in multiple fields that involve human behavior patterns. Eventually, the concept was applied to organizational studies, where it offered numerous benefits associated with improvements in employee motivation, engagement, and behavioral patterns. Leadership has become an...
What Kind of Interaction Exists between the ‘Social’ and the ‘Cognitive’ in Social Cognitive Theory? According to the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), three factors determine the behavior change. The first is individual characteristics. A person changes only when they believe that they have the capability or self-efficacy to do so....
Brain-based Learning Brain-based learning is the process of learning based on the functioning and nature of the human brain (Fischer & Immordino-Yang, 2008). Such methods usually consider how different people learn at different ages and in different social, physical, and emotional environments. Teachers that use this system always use the...
Experiential learning is of paramount importance for a leader because in different companies and settings people may require different leadership approaches, so a leader has to know how to act in their particular company or setting. The action – observation – reflection model allows for enhancing the process of learning...
Extant literature shows that Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a chromosomal condition that affects the male physical, psychosocial and cognitive capacities due to the presence of one or more supernumerary X chromosomes among the affected individuals. With an occurrence rate of 1:500 to 1:1000 live male births, affected persons exhibit a...
Introduction Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive both ones and other emotions. It enables one to use those emotions to understand and regulate them in both self and others (Mayer & Salovey, 1997). High emotional intelligence level enables a person to form meaningful relationships and lead to success...
Literature review The overall maintenance of health depends on the effective management of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. As a result, health practitioners and clinicians prescribe health intervention treatment to improve the quality of life. Thus, the need for effective health management facilitates the efficiency and productivity of health caregivers. As...
Since infancy, children begin to explore and comprehend the external world, and when they interact with new objects and phenomena, the cognitive aptitude commences developing. According to Piaget, the children pass through four basic stages of cognitive development, and the substantial transformation in child perception occur at each developmental stage...
Introduction In the early 20th century, psychologists focused primarily on behavioral psychology. However, this changed as they began to explore mental processes. Psychologists realized that the use of behavioral psychology to determine mental processes were inconsistent. Moreover, the utilization of scientific methods in psychology was advancing. Therefore, the shift from...
Introduction Explanations of the normal growth have been postulated by many theorists including Vygotsky, Erikson, Piaget and Kohberg, to help understand the way people attain cognitive development. Currently, there are many ongoing researches that are seeking to provide vital information about the nature of these developments. Growth and development in...
Perception, analysis, and performance – here are the three key elements of cognitive psychology. Which of them do you think is the most important? In fact, they all work in complex, but perception is a starting point for the other elements. One of the most convenient ways of understanding a...
Introduction Mental and behavioural illnesses have had a long history of stigma, which has devastating effects on the lives of people with psychiatric disorders, their families, and those who care for them (Ben-Zeev et al.). Because of the stigma, and because of the adverse effects of mental and behavioural illnesses,...
Since cognitive dissonance theory was first proposed in 1957, psychologists have carried out number of studies to determine the relationship between human behavior and attitudes. They also aim at determining whether behavior has an impact on attitude change. The contradicting findings by Leon Festinger and James Carlsmith (1959) and those...
Language plays one of the central roles in human cognition. People perceive information with the help of language (both oral and written). In the era of information, language has become even more important. It is necessary to note that researchers started looking into the matter in the late 19th century....
Introduction Communication refers to a two-way spoken or non-spoken process of sharing information, ideas, and feelings between individuals with the aim of developing a common understanding. The process of communicating with children takes place even before they are born. It continues until they become mature people who are able to...
